Goiter/Thyroid Nodule

A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is located in the front of the neck, just below the Adam's apple. It can occur for various reasons and may be classified into different types based on its cause: Simple or endemic goiter: This type of goiter is often due to a deficiency of iodine in the diet. Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones. Without sufficient iodine, the thyroid gland enlarges in an attempt to produce more hormones, leading to a goiter. Multinodular goiter (MNG): MNG, also known as nodular goiter or colloidal goiter, is characterized by the presence of multiple nodules or lumps in the thyroid gland. These nodules can vary in size and may be benign (non-cancerous) or, in rare cases, malignant (cancerous). Toxic goiter: This type of goiter is associated with hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones. Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder, is a common cause of toxic goiter.